The Investigation of Wood Waste Ash and Linden as Sorbents of Petroleum Products

Abstract

Materials of vegetable origin, in particular, woodworking industry residues can be used as alternative sorption materials for extraction of different pollutants out of water media: heavy-metal ions, colorants, phenol, petroleum. Methods of sorption properties improvement of wood residues represent substantial interest. In this work sorption properties of wood residues: sawdust of ash tree (Fráxinus excélsior) and small-leaved linden (Tília cordáta) were investigated - with the aim of their further usage as sorbents at extraction of petroleum derivatives out of water media. Exhausted engine oil, having a considerable part of mineral component in its content, was investigated as the petroleum derivative. For the increase of oil absorption power processing of sawdust with ultrasound of frequency 35000 Hz with in different time intervals: from 30 up to 240 minutes was carried out. Values of maximum oil absorption power ofnative and processed samples in static conditions in relation to the exhausted engine oil were defined. Maximum oil absorption power of sawdust that underwent ultrasound processing amounted to 7.76 g/g for ash tree and 11.8 g/g for linden, what corresponds to the increase by 29.3% for ash tree and by 55.5% for linden in comparison with the initial sawdust. Sorption capacity of sawdust by methylene blue and iodine characterizing meso- and microporosity of sorption materials and its dependence on duration of ultrasound impact was defined. Toxicity of initial samples of linden and ash tree sawdust was defined by the method of biotesting, hazardclass of residues was estimated.